高考作文考查要点和评分原则
高考英语书面表达题（作文题）的考查要点及评分原则：准确运用语法、词汇、拼写、标点。使用某些句型、短语、清楚地表达自己的意思，写出流畅易懂的短文。
评分主要从以下4个方面考虑：
1.内容要点 (content points) 。
2.运用词汇和语法结构的数量。
3.词汇的准确运用与句子的结构把握 (accuracy of vocabulary and structures) 。
4.上下文的连贯性(coherence)。
各个档次的给分范围及标准（满分25）
第一档(极差)：0分
未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判，写的内容均与所要求的内容无关或所写内容无法看清。（具体什么样子，小简老师从来没见过，可能是字母表默写，字迹还很潦草那种）。其实跟得满分一样，得零分也挺难的，一般随便写两句靠谱的话阅卷老师也会给一两分的。
展开剩余97%第二档(差)：1-5分
1.未完成试题规定的任务。
2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
6.信息未能传达给读者。
点评：
1.语法错误较多，基本词汇掌握不足；
2.句子结构不完整，缺乏连贯性；
3.卷面混乱，表达错误。
建议得分：2-4
第三档(较差)：6-10分
1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
点评：
本文能够覆盖所有的信息点，能够尝试使用不同简单的句式结构，语言表达错误较多，但基本能够表达信息内容。
建议得分：8-9
第四档(适当)：11-15分
1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。
2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
点评：
1.有一定的语言积累，努力尝试使用一些常用的句型和词汇，但表达过于冗长并且意义欠准确；
2.覆盖了要表述的所有内容，表达还欠准确；
3.语篇整体有连贯意识，但选词欠准确。
建议得分：11.5-12
点评：
1.字体优美，语言表达得体流畅，语言逻辑非常好；语言比较简洁；高级的句型运用准确，词汇的选择丰富到位；
2.覆盖了要表述的所有内容，表达比较准确；
3.语篇整体连贯，行文流畅。
建议得分：14 -15
第五档(好)：16-20分
1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2.虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6.达到了预期的写作目的。
第六档(很好)：21-25分
1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2.覆盖所有内容要点。
3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。
5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。
高分作文关键因素及秘诀
从上面可以看出，英语作文高分的关键因素及高分秘诀：三点关键定档因素(不跑题是前提)：词汇多样性、语法复杂性、文章连贯性。书面表达的五项秘诀：审题，遣词，造句，润色，谋篇
既然知道了这些关键因素和高分秘诀，我们要如何从这些方面入手呢?
审题的概念
拿到试卷后，首先浏览书面表达的题目，研究题目要求。正确的审题内容包括审标题、审体裁、审要点。审标题：看文章是否要求有题目(title)或者主题(topic)能够确保你不跑题；审体裁：确能够定文章的文体，为你写作提供方向。审要点：如果英语作文中，有要求要点的，一般打分时是踩点给分的，准确把握住要点，是高分的一个诀窍。
如何审要点？要做到以下两个方面：
总结归纳要点：不是所有内容都要写出来，而是抓住其中的关键要点、衔接要点！
理顺要点：将提炼的要点按逻辑关系(如时间关系、因果关系、转折关系等)重新安排，这样整篇文章看起来就整体有序，流畅自然，更加容易打动评分老师，从而作文分数提升一档。
构思文章提纲：根据题目的要点，安排好段落和主次关系。要形成良好的分段意识，写作分段是必须要进行的(2至4段为佳)，这样显得文章不会拥挤并且层次分明。在行文意识上，要注意突出要点。
遣词的注意点
不出现语言错误、词语和短语搭配、适度使用加分词汇、避免词语重复、注意词语和短语搭配使用、可以适度的使用加分词句：高级词、同义词、短语等替代。
造句的原则
表达意思要清楚无误，多种表达方式表达相同含义，避免句式单调(简单句，并列句，复合句等适度调整)，表达意思清楚无误：具体化、细节化，可以用形象思维来表达(什么叫形象思维?比如说你朗读的“很好听”，用“抑扬顿挫”来表达就是形象思维)
谋篇的攻略
注意分段、详略搭配；注意连贯、行文时多用关联词、引导词；把文章句子通过各种关系整合起来，达到起承转合，运用自如的目的，从而获取高分。
具体的连接关系有：并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系、列举关系、条件关系、举例关系、时间关系等。
高考英语作文常考的11个话题：求助信、建议信、感谢信、告知信、申请信、通知、邀请信、道歉信、新闻报道、咨询信以及演讲。下面为大家汇总了这11个常考话题范文，一起来看看吧！
01
话题一 求助信
一、假定你是李华，当前你在英语学习方面遇到了一些问题。于是你向你校的外籍老师Tom写一封求助信寻求帮助。要点如下：
1.本人简介；
2.求助内容；
3.希望得到Tom的帮助。
Dear teacher,
My name is Li Hua. I’m writing a letter to you to ask for some help.
I have met much difficulty in learning English. First, I find our texts full of new words that are very difficult for me to remember. Besides, the texts are too long for me to recite. What’s more, grammar is also very difficult to learn.
Faced with so much difficulty, I have to ask you for some help. Would you like to introduce to us some good ways to learn new words so that we can remember them more easily? In the meanwhile, I beg you to teach the text more slowly so that the average students can easily follow you. Also, I would like you to introduce some rules and good ways to learn grammar.
I’m sure that I can make great progress in my English study with your help.
二、假定你是李华，你正在为高考紧张复习，但最近你遇到了一些问题导致无法集中精力学习。于是你给你校的外籍心理老师Kate写一封求助信寻求帮助。要点如下：
1.作业多，没有时间运动；
2.压力大，难以入睡；
3.希望得到Kate的帮助。
注意: 1. 词数100左右。
Dear Kate,
I am Li Hua, a Senior 3 student. Recently, I’ve been busy preparing for my College Entrance Exam, but unfortunately I find it quite hard to concentrate on my study. So I’m writing to ask you for help.
I’m encountering some problems which trouble me a lot. First, I have to spend so much time on my homework that I hardly have time to take sports. Moreover, the high expectation from the teachers and my parents makes me extremely stressful because I don’t want to let them down. What troubles me most is that it’s difficult for me to fall asleep every night.
Faced with the above problems, I’m anxious to get your help. Could you please offer me some advice on how to solve these problems?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
02
话题二 建议信
一、假定你是李华。你的笔友晓东是某学校一名高一学生。最近他来信说不知道如何学好高中英语，感到苦恼。请你给他写一封回信，提出你的建议。建议内容如下：
1.尽量用英语交流，不要怕犯错误；
2.坚持每天早晚朗读英语；
3. 多读英文报纸，看英文电影。
Dear Xiao Dong,
I’m sorry you are having trouble in learning English in senior high school. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
Firstly, why not try to communicate with others in English? If you do so, you will feel confident gradually. Also, don’t be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes. Secondly, you should keep on reading aloud English sentences every morning and evening. That way, you’ll learn many important expressions. Thirdly, it would be a good idea if you read more English newspapers and watch English movies.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
二、假定你叫李华，你的美国朋友Jack 来信，说他寒假期间要来中国交流学习。他学了两年中文，但是仍然担心用中文交流时会遇到困难。请你用英语给Jack写封回信，提几点建议，要点如下：
1.大胆自信；
2.放慢语速；
3.借助图画或肢体语言等表达方式。
参考词汇：自信的 confident 肢体语言 body language
Dear Jack,
How is everything going? I’m glad to learn that you’re going to China this winter. You say you’re worried about your Chinese if you are in China. Now let me give you some advice.
First, you should be brave and confident to speak Chinese when you communicate with others. We Chinese are very friendly, so you don’t be afraid to make any mistakes. Second, speak Chinese slowly and clearly when you talk to others. In this way, you can make yourself understood easily. Finally, you can use pictures or drawings and body language. As you know, most of body language is in common in the world. I hope these suggestions will help you.
Best wishes
Yours, Li Hua
03
话题三 感谢信
一、假定你是李华，你们学校和一所美国中学签署了教师交流协议。在过去的一年里，你们的英文老师是来自这所中学的Sue Wood。不久前她返回美国任教。请你根据下列写作要点和要求给Sue写封电子邮件。
1.对她表达感谢之意；
2.介绍她离开后你自己及班里发生的事情；
3.希望了解她的近况。
Dear Sure,
I’m Li Hua, one of your students in China. It’s almost a month since you left us. We all miss you and are very grateful for what you did for us.
We are busy as usual. We had an English speech contest the other day. I won the first prize! This again reminds me of all your kind help. Do you still remember the trees we planted together on the hill behind the school? Yesterday, we went there and watered them. The tree you planted yourself is growing well, and the whole class decided to name it Sue Wood. Will you come back to see it?
How is everything with you lately? We hope to know more about you and your American students. Hope to keep in close touch.
All the best.
Yours, Li Hua
二、假定你是李华，你被自己心仪的大学录取了。请你给你的外教Mrs. Wilson写封感谢信，感谢在校期间她对你的教导和帮助，内容包括：
1.对老师的辛勤教学工作表示感谢；
2.感谢在校期间老师对自己的教导；
3.表达对老师的想念以及衷心祝愿。
Dear Mrs. Wilson,
I’m glad to write to share with you my happiness of being admitted to college, which I have been dreaming of. Firstly, I’d like to express my gratitude for your excellent teaching and your care as well as love for me! Thank you for your encouraging words, which never fail to brighten my way ahead. It’s you who cheered me up. Never will I forget what you said-- doors open to the very man with full confidence and instant action. Without your help, I could never have enjoyed such a joyful harvest. And I really appreciate your instruction.
I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. Are you still too busy? How I miss you, my beloved teacher! Wish you all the best.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
04
话题四 告知信
一、假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.内容：学习唐诗；
3.课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
Dear Leslie,
How are you? Glad to see you have made some progress in Chinese learning and I’m writing to tell you something about our next lesson.
The lesson will be given from 3 pm to 5 pm on the afternoon of next Tuesday in the classroom 502. In the class, you will mainly learn Tang Poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture and is deeply loved by Chinese. You can feel the beauty of Chinese by learning Tang Poetry. You’d better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy for you to go through the class.
If there is anything that I can help you, please don’t hesitate to tell me.
Looking forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
二、假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.到达时间；
2.合适的礼物；
3.餐桌礼仪。
Dear Terry,
How are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend’s home. Now, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.
To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides, you’d better bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What’s more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.
Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
Best wishes!
05
话题五 申请信
一、假定你是李华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍(包括英语能力)；
2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家)；
3. 希望获准。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and I'd like to take part in it. I've been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more, I'lI be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I’ve learned on the Internet that your summer camp, which is going to be held in Singapore, is round the corner. I am really interested in it.
I, who am active and enjoy various activities, hope to take part in it very much. I know the ability of communication is of great importance and I can speak English quite fluently. In addition, in your camp, there are so many students from different countries. Therefore, I can communicate with the students from different parts of the world. Not only can I introduce China to them, but I can know more about their countries as well.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Regards,
Li Hua
06
话题六 通知
一、你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则英文通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together，内容包括：
1.短片内容：学校的发展；
2.放映时间、地点;
3.欢迎对短片提出意见。
Notice
In order to have a better understanding of our school, an outstanding English short movie about our school will be shown in the library from 2:30 to 4:00in the afternoon on June 9th. It is organized by the Student Union. Here are some relevant details about it.
To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing Together, which is about the development of our beloved school. As we all expect, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. What’s more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part (participate) in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments./ Everyone is welcome to participate in it.
The Student Union
June 8, 2019
二、假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来，为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化，学生会将为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示，用英语向他们发出口头通知。时间：下周五6：00—8：00 地点：教学楼101室
内容：
1.唱中国歌；
2.比赛用筷子；
3.学习包饺子。
Good afternoon, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
I’m the chairman of the Students’ Union. As the New Year is around the corner（即将到来）, we are going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
During the party, not only can you sing a Chinese song, but you will also compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks. What’s more, you’ll learn at the party how to make dumplings. Sounds great, doesn’t it? The party is scheduled（计划于） in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. next Friday.
Please make sure you won’t miss it. Thank you for your attention.
07
话题七 邀请信
一、假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1.出发及返回时间；
2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.
It's the day for the elderly in our culture. We'll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly there. We'll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which I hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
If you are able to come with us, please let me know and we'll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning. Looking forward to your reply.
二、假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信。请他提供作品。
信的内容包括：
1.主题：环境保护；
2.展览时间；
3.投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
Dear Peter,
How are you getting along? I'm writing to invite you to join in the International Students' Photography Show held by the photography club of our school.
As your best friend, I know you are skilled at taking photos. Now the International Students Photography Show is a chance for you to display your talent., The theme is environmental protection, aiming to call on more people to do what they can to protect the environment. The show will last from 8 June to 12 June,
If you want to join in the activity , please send your photos to intIphotoshow@ gmschool.com before May 31. Don't hesitate to ask me for help if you have any questions.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
08
话题八 道歉信
一、假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.另约时间。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bob,
I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.
09
话题九 新闻报道
5月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者Li Yue 和 Zhang Hua 去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果.打扫.聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100-120个词的新闻报道。
1.时间.地点.任务.活动；
2.老人们的反应；
3.简短评论。
Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
On May Day, Student Volunteers from Class Three, Grade Two, went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. Upon their arrival, they were warmly welcomed, and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits. Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. Everything done, they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.
When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
Student Volunteers were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.
By Chen Jie,
School Newspaper
10
话题十 咨询信
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